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Is "Absolute" Private Property a Thing?

Mitchell Narvasa • Jan 25, 2024

"Is it true that the church does not recognize an absolute right to private property?" -Anonymous

I’m not sure what is meant by “absolute”. Is there such a thing as a non-absolute or a partial right to private property? Let’s hear first what the Catechism has to say. It says that the commandment “thou shall not steal”, ”commands justice and charity in the care of earthly goods and the fruits of men's labor. For the sake of the common good, it requires respect for the universal destination of goods and respect for the right to private property.” (CCC 2401) This is a classic both/and answer by the Church! 


So is there a right to private property? Yes! A right means that no one can take it away from you, even if a government imposes otherwise. This is why socialism and communism have been strongly opposed by the Church. Justice demands this right be protected. 


On the other hand, the command to charity is our recognition of the “universal destination of goods”. Simply put, God created all the goods of the world for the common good of all humanity. Therefore, to selfishly grasp at wealth purely for one’s own comfort and pleasure fails to recognize “the other”. Instead, we’re called to act in charity, to “be our brother’s keeper”, and to cultivate what is ours both for our sake and others, “first of all his family.” (CCC 2404) 


I don’t think the word “absolute” is necessary. We have a right to private property. There’s nothing inherently wrong about claiming something as “mine” and “not yours”. At the same time, we also “...should regard the external goods he legitimately owns not merely as exclusive to himself but common to others also…”(CCC 2404) Maybe some believe that to regard what “he legitimately owns…as…common to others also” diminishes the right to private property. I don’t believe that to be the case. In fact, I believe that the fact that we can legitimately own goods allows us to act in genuine charity, to give out of the goodness of our hearts. I can only be generous with what I own. I can’t be generous with my brother’s money. My suggestion? Live in the tension of these two great truths: the right to private property and the universal destination of goods (goods for the sake of all humanity), and you’ll be much closer to the Kingdom of God.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Mitchell Narvasa


Mitchell is a husband and father who works as the Pastoral Associate for Evangelization and Discipleship at St. John Vianney Catholic Church in Bettendorf. He received an AA in Philosophy, a BA in Catholic Theology, and an MA in Catechetics and Evangelization all from Franciscan University of Steubenville.

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